When a source's identity is protected, how should you refer to them?

• A. Address them by full name with a fictional alias.
• B. Use descriptors rather than direct identifiers.
• C. Reveal their identity with initials.
• D. Use their job title only.

Answer: (B)

When a source’s identity is protected, the goal is to keep them anonymous while still making their information meaningful to the story. Refer to them with descriptors that indicate their role, relationship, or relevance rather than giving a name or anything that could reveal who they are. For example, you might call them “a former executive who spoke on condition of anonymity” or “a parent at the school who asked not to be named.” This approach preserves privacy and safety while signaling credibility and why their perspective matters.

Using a full name even with a fictional alias can still invite identification if readers piece together clues, initials can sometimes be traced back to someone, and a job title alone may reveal who the person is in a small field or organization. Descriptors strike the right balance by providing context without exposing identity.